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Sun Rising Over Aztec Pyramid




MY

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My PAPER at WINDPOWER 2008, June 1-4, Houston, TX
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My PRESENTATION at the 2008 European Wind Energy Conference, 31 March-3 April, Brussels. Belgium
When in Paris, ride the T-3

My VISIT to PARIS, 26 March - 15 April 2008
My "Western Office" in 1948

MY VISIT to Georgetown, CO 5-15 Febrary 2008
Download one of the papers that I was cited in

My PAPERS are Cited in Other Published Papers
Kellogg Graduate School of Management Class of 1969

MY QUOTE in the Northwestern Alumni Magazine, Winter, 2007
My Papers on Climate Change

MY GHG Emissions Papers Will Help You Understand Global Warming
See seeing you in LA

My PAPER, "The Economics of Storing Wind Electricity as Hydrogen" at WindPower 2007 June 3-6 Los Angeles, CA USA
Storing Wind Electricity as Hydrogen

My PAPER, "The Technology of Storing Wind Electrcity as Hydrogen" at the European Wind Energy Conference, 7-10 May, 2007, Milan, Italy
2007 New York International Auto Show

My First BLOG (April 5, 2007) on the New York Times Web Site
Storing Wind Electricity as Hydrogen

My PAPER at the POWER GEN Renewable Energy and Fuels Conference, March 6-8, 2007, Las Vegas, NV
Spoke to Reporters

My PRESENTATION "Reporting the Wind Story" At the Seminar "Reporting Energy Issues in the Midwest", Sponsored by the Foundation for American Communications, Urbana, IL September 14, 2006
Yak, Yak, Yak

My ATTENDANCE at SOLAR 2006, July 8-13, 2006, Denver, CO
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My ATTENDANCE at WINDPOWER 2006, June 4-7, 2006, Pittsburgh, PA
Can the RPS replace the Kyoto Protocol?

My ATTENDANCE at the AWEA RPS Workshop, March 7-8, 2006, Chicago, IL
Spark, November 2005

My Letter to the Editor of SPARK, November, 2005
Clear Creek Public Radio

My "US Energy Sources and Uses" Interview on KYGT, Clear Creek County, CO Public Radio
Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore

My ANSWERS to Certain Questions Concerning Illinois' 2005 Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS)
Illinois’ Voluntary Renewable Portfolio Standard

My 2005 COMMENTS to Illinois Commerce Commision Concerning lllinois' Renewable Portfolio Standard
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My October 4 Speech to the Sierra Club, Chicago Group, North Shore Program
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VISIT to Washington, DC 23-30 June 2005
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Journal of Solar Energy Engineering

My PAPER Published in the February, 2005 Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
Illinois PV System

My PAPER Published in the August, 2002 Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
The Cost of Wind Electricity

My PAPER World Renewable Energy Conference-VIII, Denver, CO USA, August 29-September 3, 2004
Fuel Cell Vehicle

MY PAPER California Climate Change Center's First Annual Conference on Climate Change, June 9-10, 2004, Sacramento, CA
Fuel Cell Vehicle

My PAPER, National Hydrogen Association 20O4 Convention, April 26-30, 2004, Los Angeles, CA
Paper on Kyoto Protocol

MY PAPER-Global WINDPOWER 2004 Conference, Chicago, IL USA, 28-31 March 2004
Levelized Cost and Carbon Content of Hydrogen Vehicle Fuel

MY PAPER-United States Association for Energy Economics-NCAC-Washington, DC, Friday, December 19, 2003
Fuel Cell Vehicle

PAPER-Illinois Economics Association's 33rd Annual Meeting, October 17-18, 2003, Chicago, IL
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PAPER-American Wind Energy Association, WIND 2003 Conference, May 18-21, 2003, Austin, TX
Fuel Cell Vehicle

PAPER-American Solar Energy Society's SOLAR 2003 Conference, June 21-23, 2003, Austin,TX
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MY PAPER-International Solar Energy Society-SOLAR WORLD CONFERENCE 2003-14-19 June 2003,Goteborg, Sweden
Pure Hydrogen Flame

PAPER-European Wind Energy Association-2003 EUROPEAN WIND ENERGY CONFERENCE 16-20 June 2003-Madrid,Spain
Pure Hydrogen Flame

PAPER-National Hydrogen Association's 14th Annual Meeting, March 4-6, 2003, Washington, DC POST CONFERENCE Contact Information
Inflation and the Cost (¢/kWh) of Solar Electricity

PAPER, SOLAR 2002, Reno, NV, June 15-20, 2002 POST CONFERENCE Contact Information
The Effect That the Kyoto Protocol Will Have on the Cost of Wind Energy

MY PAPER, Global Windpower 2002 Conference, Paris, France, April 2-5, 2002 POST CONFERENCE Contact Information
Levelized Cost (B R¢/kWh [US ¢/kWh]) of Solar Electricity

My Paper, RIO '02 CONFERENCE--ENERGY POLICIES AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE January, 2002 RIO de JANEIRO, BRAZIL--POST Conference Contact Information


My Picture Gallery-I

RENEWABLE ENERGY INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITES

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Assisted with purchase of 55,000 MWh

Buying Electricity and Natural Gas in Illinois' Competitive Energy Market
I help Propery Owners Develop their Wind Assets

Large (=> 1 MW) Wind Projects
Does your state have net metering?

Small Wind (< 1 MW) Projects
My Papers on the Kyoto Protocol

The Kyoto Protocol and Emissions Trading


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Fuel Cell Vehicle

Hybrid, Electric, Hydrogen and Alternative Fuel Vehicles


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PUBLISHED PAPERS & PRESENTATIONS

24 Papers/Presntations and Counting

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Complimentary Copy of my Article in the June, 2002 Issue of the Northern Solar SUN

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  My PAPER, National Hydrogen Association 20O4 Convention, April 26-30, 2004, Los Angeles, CA

Michael Stavy  
Consulting Energy Economist  
312.832.1631  
432 North Clark Street  
Suite 204  
Chicago, Illinois USA 60610  

michaelstavy@covad.net  




    

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I presented my paper,  The Carbon Content of Hydrogen Vehicle Fuel, at the recent National Hydrogen Association Conference. The carbon content of gasoline combustion was incorrectly stated at the NHA Conference. It is correctly stated below. The carbon content of natural gas was not presented at the Conference.  It is presented below.

The carbon content of hydrogen vehicle fuel (HVF) produced at a wind electric powered hydrogen electrolyzer (HE) is zero. The carbon content of HVF produced at an electric powered 80% efficient HE using the average carbon content of electricity on the US grid is 27,815 gm-CO2/gal-H2. Using electricity from a combined cycle gas turbine an electric powered 80% efficient HE would produce HVF with a carbon content of 16,907 gm-CO2/gal-H2 . Using electricity from a conventional coal plant, an electric powered 80% efficient HE would produce HVF with a carbon content of 45,268 gm-CO2/gal-H2.  Upstream carbon in the grid/coal/NG electricity is not included. Upstream carbon would increase the carbon content of the HE's HVF.

The carbon content of HVF from steam methane reformation (SMR) of natural gas has a carbon content of 8,492 gm-CO2/gal-H2. This assumes that the SMR has 75% efficiency in the conversion of the NG energy into energy in the H2. The carbon content of the electricity used to power the SMR is not included in the 75% efficiency. The carbon content of NG is 51,338 gm-CO2/mmBtu-NG. Source: Table: Carbon Content of Various Fuels, Page 333, US Congress, Office of Technological Assessment, Changing by Degrees: Steps to Reduce Greenhouse Gases, OTA-0-482 (Washington, DC U.S. Government Printing Office, February 1991).  I converted the Table’s value for 14 mg-C/Btu-NG into 51,338 gm-CO2/mmBtu-NG. Upstream carbon in the NG is not included. Upstream carbon would increase the carbon content of the SMR's HVF.

For comparison, the combustion of a gasoline has 9,099 gm-CO2/gal-gasoline. Source: I converted the OTA-0-482 Table’s value of 20 mg-C/Btu-gasoline into  9,099 gm-CO2/gal-gasoline.  I also computed a second value for gasoline; 9,455  gm-CO2/gal-gasoline using the HHV for gasoline. Source: M. Wang, GREET 1.5 -- Transportation Fuel-Cycle Model, Volume 1: Methodologies, Development, Use, and Results, Center for Transportation Research, Argonne National Laboratory, ANL/ESD-39, Vol.1, Aug. 1999 and M. Wang, GREET 1.5 -- Transportation Fuel-Cycle Model, Volume 2: Appendices of Data and Results, Center for Transportation Research, Argonne National Laboratory, ANL/ESD-39, Vol.2, Aug. 1999. I converted M. Wang's Tailpipe 75,640.0 g-CO2/mmBtu and HHV of 125,000 Btu/gal-gasoline values into gm-CO2/gal-gasoline.  Both values are tailpipe values and do not include upstream carbon. Upstream carbon would increase the carbon content of the gasoline.


 4 June 2004

Revised: 6 June 2004


Black ink illustration of wind turbines located along I-10, San Gorgonio Pass, San Bernadino Mountains, Palm Springs, CA. The carbon content of hydrogen vehicle fuel (HVF) produced at a wind electric powered electrolyzer is zero.

Used with permission of the artist: Christine BOIRY 


4 June 2004

            Fuel Cell Vehicle










Michael Stavy, Consulting  Energy Economist







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