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MY
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Home
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My Background
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My Contact Information
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My PAPER at WINDPOWER 2008, June 1-4, Houston, TX
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My PRESENTATION at the 2008 European Wind Energy Conference, 31 March-3 April, Brussels. Belgium
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My VISIT to PARIS, 26 March - 15 April 2008
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MY VISIT to Georgetown, CO 5-15 Febrary 2008
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My PAPERS are Cited in Other Published Papers
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MY QUOTE in the Northwestern Alumni Magazine, Winter, 2007
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MY GHG Emissions Papers Will Help You Understand Global Warming
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My PAPER, "The Economics of Storing Wind Electricity as Hydrogen" at WindPower 2007 June 3-6 Los Angeles, CA USA
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My PAPER, "The Technology of Storing Wind Electrcity as Hydrogen" at the European Wind Energy Conference, 7-10 May, 2007, Milan, Italy
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My First BLOG (April 5, 2007) on the New York Times Web Site
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My PAPER at the POWER GEN Renewable Energy and Fuels Conference, March 6-8, 2007, Las Vegas, NV
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My PRESENTATION "Reporting the Wind Story" At the Seminar "Reporting Energy Issues in the Midwest", Sponsored by the Foundation for American Communications, Urbana, IL September 14, 2006
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My ATTENDANCE at SOLAR 2006, July 8-13, 2006, Denver, CO
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My ATTENDANCE at WINDPOWER 2006, June 4-7, 2006, Pittsburgh, PA
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My ATTENDANCE at the AWEA RPS Workshop, March 7-8, 2006, Chicago, IL
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My Letter to the Editor of SPARK, November, 2005
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My "US Energy Sources and Uses" Interview on KYGT, Clear Creek County, CO Public Radio
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My ANSWERS to Certain Questions Concerning Illinois' 2005 Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS)
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My 2005 COMMENTS to Illinois Commerce Commision Concerning lllinois' Renewable Portfolio Standard
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My October 4 Speech to the Sierra Club, Chicago Group, North Shore Program
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VISIT to Washington, DC 23-30 June 2005
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COMMENTS Quoted in Newspapers or Magazines
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PUBLISHED "Letter to the Editor" in Crain's Chicago Business
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UNPUBLISHED Letters to the Editor
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My PAPER Published in the February, 2005 Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
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My PAPER Published in the August, 2002 Journal of Solar Energy Engineering
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My PAPER World Renewable Energy Conference-VIII, Denver, CO USA, August 29-September 3, 2004
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MY PAPER California Climate Change Center's First Annual Conference on Climate Change, June 9-10, 2004, Sacramento, CA
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My PAPER, National Hydrogen Association 20O4 Convention, April 26-30, 2004, Los Angeles, CA
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MY PAPER-Global WINDPOWER 2004 Conference, Chicago, IL USA, 28-31 March 2004
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MY PAPER-United States Association for Energy Economics-NCAC-Washington, DC, Friday, December 19, 2003
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PAPER-Illinois Economics Association's 33rd Annual Meeting, October 17-18, 2003, Chicago, IL
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PAPER-American Wind Energy Association, WIND 2003 Conference, May 18-21, 2003, Austin, TX
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PAPER-American Solar Energy Society's SOLAR 2003 Conference, June 21-23, 2003, Austin,TX
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MY PAPER-International Solar Energy Society-SOLAR WORLD CONFERENCE 2003-14-19 June 2003,Goteborg, Sweden
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PAPER-European Wind Energy Association-2003 EUROPEAN WIND ENERGY CONFERENCE 16-20 June 2003-Madrid,Spain
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PAPER-National Hydrogen Association's 14th Annual Meeting, March 4-6, 2003, Washington, DC POST CONFERENCE Contact Information
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PAPER, SOLAR 2002, Reno, NV, June 15-20, 2002 POST CONFERENCE Contact Information
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MY PAPER, Global Windpower 2002 Conference, Paris, France, April 2-5, 2002 POST CONFERENCE Contact Information
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My Paper, RIO '02 CONFERENCE--ENERGY POLICIES AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE January, 2002 RIO de JANEIRO, BRAZIL--POST Conference Contact Information
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My Picture Gallery-I
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RENEWABLE ENERGY INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITES
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Renewable Energy Investment Opportunities
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SPECIALIZATIONS
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Buying Electricity and Natural Gas in Illinois' Competitive Energy Market
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Large (=> 1 MW) Wind Projects
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Small Wind (< 1 MW) Projects
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The Kyoto Protocol and Emissions Trading
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Solar Thermal Projects
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PV (Photovoltaic) Projects
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Hybrid, Electric, Hydrogen and Alternative Fuel Vehicles
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Microturbines & Distributed Generation Projects
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PUBLISHED PAPERS & PRESENTATIONS
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Abstracts of My Published Papers and Presentations
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Complimentary Copy of my Article in the June, 2002 Issue of the Northern Solar SUN
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FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
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Frequently Asked Questions
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Sitemap
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MY PAPER California Climate Change Center's First Annual Conference on Climate Change, June 9-10, 2004, Sacramento, CA
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Michael Stavy
Consulting Energy Economist
312.832.1631
432 North Clark Street
Suite 204
Chicago, Illinois USA 60610
michaelstavy@covad.net
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THE CARBON CONTENT OF HYDROGEN VEHICLE FUEL Abstract Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the major green house gas that is causing global warming. The US fleet of gasoline fueled auto vehicles (GV) has increased the atmospheric concentration of CO2. A proposed US fleet of hydrogen fueled vehicles (fuel cell, ICE, etc) (HV) does not emit any significant CO2 as it operates. H2 does not occur in nature and must be produced. Current US industrial H2 production technologies (reformation of natural gas, coal and oil gasification) are all hydrocarbon based and all emit CO2 as a by-product of the H2 production. H2 production at an electric (renewable, carbon content grid or nuclear electricity) powered hydrogen electrolyzer (HE) does not emit any CO2 as a by-product of the H2 production. Any carbon emitted in the production of H2 must be attributed to the proposed hydrogen vehicle fleet. A HV fleet that uses hydrocarbon based H2 does not operate carbon free when the CO2 emissions from the H2 production are included in the computation of the HV fleet’s CO2 emissions. H2, produced as an industrial gas, has traditionally been measured by mass: lb (SI; kg) or volume: standard cubic foot (SCF) (nominal cubic meter [Nm3]). H2, produced as H2 vehicle fuel (HVF), should be measured in the standard units of measurement for gasoline: gal-H2; L-H2. These are equivalent units of energy, not volume. The benchmark carbon values for GVF and HVF are required to compute the CO2 emissions from the GV and HV fleets. The paper presents a set of benchmark CO2 emission values for HE production and for steam methane reformation (SMR), the major industrial hydrocarbon based H2 production technology. A benchmark value for the carbon content of gasoline vehicle fuel (GVF) is also presented. The benchmark carbon values for gasoline and H2 are complied from published sources. The availability and variability of published H2 carbon content values are noted. The fuel efficiencies of the GV fleet and the HV fleets are also required. Vehicle fuel efficiency is measured in mpg; (L/100km). The availability and variability of published fuel efficiency values for the GV and the HV fleets are noted. The carbon emissions from the GV and HV fleets are measured in gm-CO2/mi; gm-CO2/100km. The GV and HV fleet CO2 emission values are computed presented and compared. The paper presents the worksheet, A Comparison of the CO2 Emissions (gm-CO2/mi; gm-CO2/L-H2) for a GV and HV Fleet using GVF and HVF from Different Hydrogen Production Technologies. A paper will be provided.
Fuel Cell Vehicle This paper was a work in progress. A revised copy of this paper has been accepted by the Journal of Solar Energy Engineering. Use the link below. PAPER to be Published by the Journal of Solar Energy Engineering Below is the link to the location of where my poster presentation was at the meeting.
18 June 2004
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