A nucleosome chain(top) is composed of spools joined by interactions between stored DNA and linker molecules. Each nucleosome comprises a core of four histone proteins around which DNA is wound and secured by histone tails(yellow). When the tails release the DNA, it is exposed to transcription factors.
nucleosome
10
9
8
7
6
SRP
4
3
2
1
neuron
신경세포
Description
mitochondria
미토콘드리아
Description
생물정보
1
유전자 질환
Description
protein synthesis
단백질 합성
Description
membrane fusion
Endocytosis - Exocytosis
Description
The Vacuolar System
Lysosomes: These are membrane-bound bodies that are morphologically heterogeneous. They are mostly spherical, electron-dense structures varying in size from 0.2 to 0.5 microns in diameter. They contain a variety of lytic enzymes. Most of these enzymes are active only at unphysiologic (acidic) hydrogen ion concentrations. Acid phosphatase serves as a histochemical marker for lysosomes. Their main role is the intracellular digestion of senescent orgenelles and phagocytosed material and in the metabolism of certain substances such as glycogen, cerebrosides, gangliosides, sphingomyelin and others.
GERL System
Description
Golgi complex
골지 복합체
Description
nuclear envelope and rough endoplasmic reticulum
핵 - 조면소포체
Description
9+2 arrangement
centriole
중심소체
Centrioles are cylindrical bodies composed of nine sets of triplet microtubules. They occur in pairs (diplosomes) near the center of the cell and are oriented with their long axes at right angles to each other. They measure about 150 nm in diameter and 300-500 nm in length. Centrioles play a key role in cellular division and are capable of reproducing themselves as well as producing structurally identical basal bodies which form the base of cilia. Centrioles are absent from some highly-differentiated cells such as neurons and cardiac muscle cells which consequently lose the ability to reproduce.
nuclear pore complex
핵공복합체 구조
Description
nucleus
핵의 입체구조
The nucleus is the most visibly conspicuous structure within the cell. It is enclosed by a nuclear envelope and contains dispersed strands of DNA (chromatin) and one or more nucleoli. Although most cells contain a single nucleus some cells are occasionally binucleate (some liver cells and urothelial cells). Skeletal muscle cells and osteoclasts are multinucleate.
